1) Maitiro emotokari zvikamu zvekunze zviri pachena
Mota dzinowanzo umbwa neinjini masisitimu, masisitimu ekufambisa, masisitimu ekutungamirira, nezvimwewo. Imwe neimwe system inoumbwa nezvikamu zvakawanda. Kune akawanda marudzi ezvikamu zvinosanganisirwa mukuungana kwemota yakazara, uye zvakatemwa uye mhando dzeauto zvikamu zvemhando dzakasiyana uye modhi zvakare zvakasiyana. Zvakasiyana kubva kune mumwe, zvakaoma kuumba yakakura-yakajairwa kugadzirwa. Semutambi ane mukurumbira muindastiri, kuitira kuti vavandudze mashandiro avo ekugadzira uye kuita pundutso, uye panguva imwechete vadzikise kumanikidzwa kwemari, auto OEMs zvishoma nezvishoma zvakabvisa zvikamu zvakasiyana uye zvikamu ndokuzvipa kune vagadziri vezvikamu zvepamusoro kuti vatsigire kugadzirwa.

2) Kupatsanurwa kwevashandi muindasitiri yezvikamu zvemotokari kwakajeka, kuratidza hunhu hwehunyanzvi uye chiyero
Indasitiri yezvikamu zvemotokari ine hunhu hweakawanda-level kupatsanurwa kwevashandi. Iyo auto zvikamu zvekugovera cheni inonyanya kukamurwa kuva yekutanga-, yechipiri-, uye yechitatu-tier vatengesi zvinoenderana neiyo piramidhi chimiro che "zvikamu, zvikamu, uye system magungano". Tier-1 vatengesi vane kugona kutora chikamu mumubatanidzwa R&D yeOEMs uye vane yakasimba yakazara makwikwi. Tier-2 uye Tier-3 vatengesi vanowanzo tarisa pazvinhu, maitiro ekugadzira uye kuderedza mutengo. Tier-2 uye Tier-3 vatengesi vanokwikwidza zvakanyanya. Izvo zvinodikanwa kubvisa makwikwi ehomogeneous nekuwedzera R&D kuti uwedzere kukosha kwakawedzerwa kwezvigadzirwa uye optimize zvigadzirwa.

Sezvo basa remaOEMs richichinja zvishoma nezvishoma kubva pakukura-hombe uye yakazara yakasanganiswa kugadzirwa uye modhi yegungano kuenda kutarisisa kuR&D uye dhizaini yemapurojekiti emotokari akazara, basa revagadziri vezvikamu zvemotokari rakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kumugadziri akachena kuenda kubudiriro yakabatana neOEM. Zvinodiwa zvefekitari pakusimudzira nekugadzira. Pasi pemashure ekugovaniswa kwakasarudzika kwevashandi, bhizinesi rakasarudzika uye rakakura-akawanda ekugadzira zvikamu zvemotokari richaumbwa zvishoma nezvishoma.

3) Zvikamu zvemotokari zvinowanzoita kureruka kukura
A. Kuchengetedza magetsi uye kuderedza kubuda kunoita kuti kureruka kwemuviri kuve maitiro asingadzivisiki mukugadzirwa kwemotokari dzechinyakare.

Mukupindura kushevedzera kwekuchengetedza simba uye kuderedzwa kwekuburitsa, nyika dzakasiyana dzakapa mirau pamusoro pemashandisirwo emafuta emotokari dzinotakura vanhu. Zvinoenderana nemirairo yeBazi reIndasitiri neRuzivo rweTekinoroji yePeople's Republic of nyika yedu, avhareji yemafuta ekushandisa mota dzevatyairi muChina ichaderedzwa kubva pa6.9L/100km muna 2015 kusvika pa5L/100km muna 2020, inodonha inosvika 27.5%; iyo EU yakatsiva yekuzvidira CO2 kuburikidza neinosungirwa yepamutemo nzira Chibvumirano chekudzikisa Emission yekushandisa mota yemafuta uye CO2 muganhu zvinodiwa uye label masisitimu mukati meEU; United States yakapa chiedza-basa remotokari yemafuta ehupfumi uye greenhouse gas emissions mitemo, inoda kuti huwandu hwemafuta ehupfumi hweUnited States light-duty motokari isvike 56.2mpg mu2025.

Zvinoenderana nedata rakakodzera reInternational Aluminium Association, huremu hwemotokari dzemafuta hune hukama hwakanaka nekushandiswa kwemafuta. Pakuderedzwa kwe100kg muhuremu hwemotokari, ingangoita 0.6L yemafuta inogona kuchengetwa pamakiromita zana, uye 800-900g yeCO2 inogona kudzikiswa. Motokari dzechinyakare dzakareruka pahuremu hwemuviri. Quantification ndiyo imwe yenzira huru dzekuchengetedza simba uye nzira dzekudzikisa emission parizvino, uye yave tsika isingadzivisiki mukusimudzira indasitiri yemotokari.

B.Kufamba-famba kwemotokari itsva dzesimba kunosimudzira kumwe kushandiswa kwehuremu hwetekinoroji
Nekukurumidza kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa uye kutengesa kwemotokari dzemagetsi, rwendo rwekufamba ruchiri chinhu chakakosha chinotadzisa kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi. Zvinoenderana nedata rakakodzera kubva kuInternational Aluminium Association, huremu hwemotokari dzemagetsi hunoenderana nekushandiswa kwesimba. Pamusoro pesimba uye density zvinhu zvebhatiri remagetsi, uremu hwemotokari yese chinhu chakakosha chinokanganisa huwandu hwekufamba kwemotokari yemagetsi. Kana huremu hwemotokari yakachena yemagetsi yakaderedzwa ne10kg, rwendo rwekufamba runogona kuwedzerwa ne2.5km. Nokudaro, kuvandudzwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi mumamiriro matsva ane chido chekukurumidzira chekureruka.

C.Aluminium alloy ine yakatanhamara yakazara mutengo kuita uye ndiyo inofarirwa zvinhu zvemotokari dzakareruka.
Pane nzira nhatu huru dzekuwana kureruka: kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakareruka, dhizaini uye kugadzirwa kwakareruka. Kubva pamaonero ezvishandiso, zvinhu zvakareruka zvakanyanya zvinosanganisira aruminiyamu alloys, magnesium alloys, carbon fibers uye yakakwirira-simba simbi. Panyaya yekuderedza uremu mhedzisiro, yakakwirira-simba simbi-aluminium alloy-magnesium alloy-carbon fiber inoratidza maitiro ekuwedzera uremu mhedzisiro; maererano nemutengo, yakakwirira-simba resimbi-aluminium alloy-magnesium alloy-carbon fiber inoratidza maitiro ekuwedzera mari. Pakati pezvinhu zvisingaremi zvemotokari, mutengo wakakwana wekuita kwealuminium alloy zvinhu wakakwira kupfuura iyo yesimbi, magnesium, mapurasitiki uye zvinhu zvinoumbwa, uye ine mabhenefiti ekufananidza maererano nehunyanzvi hwekushandisa, kuchengetedza kwekushanda uye kudzokorodza. Huwandu hunoratidza kuti mumusika wezvinhu zvisingaremi muna 2020, aluminium alloy account inosvika makumi matanhatu neshanu muzana, uye parizvino ndiyo inonyanya kukosha zvinhu zvisingaremi.